Laboratory Setup & Service Fees

Each measurement of Doppler Broadened Emission Spectroscopy (DBES) of Positron Annihilation for bulk materials

Measurement of Doppler Broadened Emission Spectroscopy (DBES) for each positron energy on Variable Energy Positron Beam System

*Single measurement and analyzing prices for each sample. If some temperature measurements are requested for the same sample, 40% discount is made for each temperature on the indicated prices.
If the sample is liquid or liquid-like material, then we charge extra 300 Euro for each sample.

Positron Annihilation Lifetime Measurement (PALS)

By using Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy, we estimate three lifetimes (possible 4 upon request) and their intensities. These are para-positronium, direct annihilation, and ortho-positronium (o-Ps). Using these information, we calculate free volume hole size and radius values. Additionally, we calculate free volume according to Kobayashi scheme using fv=C I3*vf(τ3).

Doppler Broadened Emission Spectroscopy of Positron Annihilation Measurement (DBES)

Using Doppler Broadened Emission Spectroscopy, we calculate S and W parameters. The S parameter is calculated as the area under the curve in the central (511 keV peak) region as a contribution of lower momentum divided by the total area in the region of interest (ROI). The W parameter is as the area under the wing regions as a contribution of higher momentum divided by the total area in the ROI. Both parameters have sensitivity to defect type and concentration in materials.  

Free Volume Analysis Using the Simha Somcynsky Hole Theory

Using Simha-Somscynsky hole theory, for a given PVT data in liquid and glassy states as well crystalline, characteristic parameters; mo, c, s, P*, T*, V*, v*, e* will be calculated and tabulated. The scaled graph of V with respect to P and T or any combination will be drawn upon request. Using these parameters, hole fraction as a measure of free volume (free volume fraction) will be calculated and drawn graphs with respect to T and P upon request. Additional information can be extracted from the SS theory upon request. 

In addition to these basic calculations, Tait equations (in forms requested or forms we offer) will be given for PVT scaled data or hole fraction in terms of scaled T and P.

Calculation of additional two different thermodynamic quantities below is required to additional same charge
With available experimental data, some other thermodynamic quatities such as thermal expansion, expandibility,  ... will be calculated. All the information will be tabulated and graphed upon request.

With available experimental data, some transport properties such as viscosity, ionic conductivity, dielectric relaxation, and diffusion in terms of temperature and pressure can be calculated and will be related with the hole fraction as a measure of free volume. All the information will be tabulated and graphed upon request.